University Law Review 94, no. 192 (2019): 193–233.
184
Sandra G. Mayson, “Bias In, Bias Out”, Yale Law Journal 128, no. 8 (2019): 2122–2473.
185
Принадлежит Мете, которая признана экстремистской на территории РФ.
186
В некоторых юрисдикциях людям с криминальным прошлым запрещено занимать государственное жилье. – Прим. авт.
187
“Intentional Homicide Count and Rate per 100,000 Population, by Country/Territory (2000–2012)”, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, www.insightcrime.org/images/PDFs/UNODChomicides.pdf.
188
Agnes Callamard, “El Salvador End of Mission Statement”, United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, February 5, 2018, www.ohchr.org/en/News Events/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx? NewsID=22634&LangID=E.
189
“United States Crime Rates, 1960–2018”, The Disaster Center, www.disastercenter.com/crime/uscrime.htm.
190
China – Latin America Finance Database, The Dialogue, www.thedialogue.org /map_list.
191
Adrian Shahbaz, “The Rise of Digital Authoritarianism”, Freedom House, Freedom on the Net series, 2018, https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-net/2018/rise-digital-authoritarianism.
192
Shahbaz, “Rise of Digital Authoritarianism”.
193
Paul Mozur, Jonah M. Kessel, Melissa Chan, “Made in China, Exported to the World: The Surveillance State”, New York Times, April 24, 2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/04/24/technology/ecuador-surveillance-cameras-police-government.html.
194
“Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region”, Amnesty USA, www.amnestyusa.org/countries/china/xinjiang.
195
Террористическая организация, запрещенная в РФ.
196
Запрещена в РФ.
197
Adrian Zenz and James Leibold, “Chen Quanguo: The Strongman Behind Beijing’s Securitization Strategy in Tibet and Xinjiang”, Jamestown Foundation, China Brief 17, no. 12 (2017), https://jamestown.org/program/chen-quanguo-the-strongman-behind-beijings-securitization-strategy-in-tibet-and-xinjiang.
198
“China Has Turned Xinjiang into a Police State Like No Other”, The Economist, May 31, 2018, www.economist.com/briefing/2018/05/31/china-has-turned-xinjiang-into-a-police-state-like-no-other.
199
“‘Convenience Police Stations’ to Closely Monitor Uyghurs”, Radio Free Asia, n. d., www.rfa.org/english/news/special/uyghur-oppression/ChenPolicy1.html.
200
“China’s Algorithms of Repression”, Human Rights Watch, May 1, 2019, www.hrw.org/report/2019/05/01/chinas-algorithms-repression/reverse-engineering-xinjiang-police-mass-surveillance.
201
Tracy Shelton, “China Cracks Down on Ramadan Fasting, Prompting Activist Boycott of Chinese Products”, ABC News, May 6, 2019, www.abc.net.au/news/2019-05-07/china-cracks-down-on-fasting-during-ramadan/11082244.
202
Stephanie Nebehay, “1.5 Million Muslims Could Be Detained in China’s Xinjiang: Academic”, Reuters, March 13, 2019, www.reuters.com/article/us-china-xinjiang-rights/15-million-muslims-could-be-detained-in-chinas-xinjiang-academic-idUSKCN1QU2MQ.
203
David Stavrou, “A Million People Are Jailed at China’s Gulags. I Managed to Escape. Here’s What Really Goes On Inside”, Haaretz, October 17, 2019, www.haaretz.com/world-news/.premium.MAGAZINE-a-million-people-are-jailed-at-china-s-gulags-i-escaped-here-s-what-goes-on-inside-1.7994216.
204
Alina Polyakova, Chris Meserole, “Exporting Digital Authoritarianism: The Russian and Chinese Models”, Brookings Institution, August 2019, www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/FP_20190827_digital_authoritarianism_polyakova_meserole.pdf.
205
Paul Mozur, “Inside China’s Dystopian Dreams: A.I., Shame and Lots of Cameras”, New York Times, July 8, 2018, www.nytimes.com/2018/07/08/business/china-surveillance-technology.html.
206
“Chinese Phones Now Account for a Third of the European Market, with Huawei Leading the Way”, The Verge, February 14, 2019, www.theverge.com/2019/2/14/18224614/huawei-chinese-phones-europe-market-share-2018.
207
Glenn Greenwald, “NSA Collecting Phone Records of Millions of Verizon Customers Daily”, The Guardian, June 6, 2013, www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/06/nsa-phone-records-verizon-court-order.
208
Barton Gellman, Aaron Blake, and Greg Miller, “Edward Snowden Comes Forward as Source of NSA Leaks”, Washington Post, June 9, 2013, www.washingtonpost.com/politics/intelligence-leaders-push-back-on-leakers-media/2013/06/09/fff80160-d122-11e2-a73e-826d299ff459_story.html.
209
Ewen MacAskill, Julian Borger, Nick Hopkins, Nick Davies, James Ball, “GCHQ Taps Fibre-Optic Cables for Secret Access to World’s Communications”, The Guardian, June 21, 2013, www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/jun/21/gchq-cables-secret-world-communications-nsa.
210
Glenn Greenwald, Ewen MacAskill, “Obama Orders US to Draw Up Overseas Target List for Cyber-Attacks”, The Guardian, June 7, 2013, www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/07/obama-china-targets-cyber-overseas.
211
Mark Mazzetti, Michael S. Schmidt, “Ex-Worker at C.I.A. Says He Leaked Data on Surveillance”, New York Times, June 9, 2013, www.nytimes.com/2013/06/10/us/former-cia-worker-says-he-leaked-surveillance-data.html.
212
Многое из того, что следует далее, взято из бесед с Джо Деврисом, Мэттом Кейглом, Брайаном Хофером, а также из информации, собранной в Областном центре информирования, Оклендской Википедии, Местной Википедии, https://localwiki.org/oakland/Domain_Awareness_Center.
213
Типовое законодательство и информацию см. в “Community Control over Police Surveillance”, American Civil Liberties Union, www.aclu.org/issues/privacy-technology/surveillance-technologies/community-control-over-police-surveillance.
214
До переезда в Окленд Берч был присяжным офицером в Дейли-Сити, на другом берегу залива; он несколько лет возглавлял отдел исследований и планирования в полиции Окленда, но покинул эту должность вскоре после того, как я поговорил с ним в конце марта 2018 года.
215
В посвящениях означает лучший в своем деле. – Прим. пер.