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63Ibid.

ГЛАВА ШЕСТНАДЦАТАЯ. ЕГИПТЯНИН ПО ИМЕНИ МОИСЕЙ

1Weigall, The Life and Times of Akhenaten.

2Weigall, Tutankhamen And Other Essays, p. 100.

3Ibid., pp. 101—2.

4See Manetho, trans., Waddell, p. xiv.

5Weigall, p. 107.

6Manetho, Aegyptiaca, quoted in Josephus, Flavius Josephus Against Apion, trans. Whiston, I, 26.

7Ibid.

8Ibid.

9Ibid.

10Ibid.

11 Ibid.

12Ibid.

13Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 54,1. 237.

14Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 26.

15Ibid., Osarsiph, or Osarseph in Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 54,1. 238.3.

16Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 26.

17Ibid. I, 14.

18Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 54,1. 246.

19Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 26.

20Ibid.

21Ibid. It is «grandfather Rapses» in Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 54,1. 245.

22Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 27.

23Weigall, pp. 108-9.

24Ibid., p. 109.

25Ibid., p. 110.

26Ibid., p. 111.

27Ibid.

28Ibid., p. 112.

29Ibid.

30See Greenberg, The Hab/piru, and Na» aman, «Habiru and Hebrews: the transfer of a social term to the literary sphere», JNES 45: 4 (1986), pp. 271—88; Rowton, «Dimorphic structure and the problem of the «Apiru-«Ibrim», JNES 35:1 (1976), pp. 13–20.

31Weigall, pp. 115-6.

32See Meyer, Geschichte des Altertums, ii, pp. 421, 424-5, and Meyer, Aegyptische Chronologie, pp. 92—5.

33Budge, Tutankhamen, Amenism, Atenism and Egyptian Monotheism etc., p. xiii.

34Freud, Moses and Monotheism, pp. 97—8.

35Ibid., p, 42.

36Ex. 12: 12.

37Weigall,p. 111.

38Hecataeus of Abdera, quoted in Diodorus Siculus, Bib-liotheca Historica, 40, 1–8.

39Ibid., 40, 1.

40Ibid., 40, 3.

41Apion, Aegyptiaca, quoted in Josephus, II, 2.

42Redford, Akhenaten: the Heretic King p. 152.

43Weigall, p. 110.

44Budge, Gods of the Egyptians, I, p. 471; II, p. 361.

45Aldred, Akhenaten — King of Egypt, pp. 43, 260;

46Redford, pp. 146—7.

47Aldred, pp. 87, 273.

48Apion, in Josephus, II, 2.

ГЛАВА СЕМНАДЦАТАЯ. БОЖЬИ КАРЫ

1Manetho, Aegyptiaca, quoted in Josephus, «Flavius Josephus Against Apion», trans. Whiston, I, 26.

2Ibid.

3Ibid.

4Ibid.

5Redford, Pharaonic King-Lists, Annals and Day-books, 1986, p. 293.

6Assmann, Moses the Egyptian: The Memory of Egypt in Western Monotheism, p. 39.

7For an extensive discussion on the relationship between the Hyksos, the Thera eruption and the Tempest Stela see Chapter 16, Note 49- See also Redford, Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times, 1992, pp. 419—20.

8Aldred, Akhenaten: King of Egypt, pp. 173—4.

9Ibid., p. 174.

10Pendlebury, «Summary report on the excavations at Tell el-«Amarnah 1935–1936», JEA 22 (1936), p. 198.

11Ibid.

12See Pendlebury, pp. 197—8.

13Aldred, p. 174.

14Pendlebury, p. 198.

15Aldred, p. 180.

16See, for example, Reeves, Akhenaten; Egypt's False Prophet, pp. 75–78.

17Assmann, p. 26.

18See Pausanias, Description of Greece, 1,42.

19Aldred, p. 164.

20Mahdy, Tutankhamun: The Life and Death of a Boy King p. 175.

21Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 26.

22Aldred, p. 164.

23Manetho, trans. Whiston, I, 26.

24Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 54,1. 232.

25Ibid., fr. 50, 1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives the reign of Orus as 36 years 5 months; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19, who gives 36 years 5 months; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives 37 years; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives 36 years (38 years in another copy); 53 (b) Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives 28 years.

26Ibid., fr. 50, 1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives the reign ofAmenophisas 30 years 10 months; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19, who gives 30 years 10 months; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives 31 years; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives 31 years; 53 (b) Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives 31 years.

27Ibid., fr. 50,1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives the names of 18 kingsof the Eighteenth Dynasty; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19, who gives 18 kings; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives 16 kings; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives 14 kings (but Syncellus elsewhere says he leaves out two kings); 53 (b) Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives 14 kings.

28Ibid., fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius; fr. 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius: «This is the king who was reputed to be Memnon, a speaking stone».

29Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 50,1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives thereign of Acencheres as 12 years 1 month; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19, who gives the reign of Acencheres as 12 years 1 month; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives the reign of Acherres as 12 years; fr. 53 (a), fromSyncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives the reign of Achencherses as 12 years; 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives the reign of Achencheres as 16 years.

30Ibid., fr. 50, from Josephus, Contra Apionem; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19.

31Ibid., fr. 50, from Josephus Contra Apionem; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. iii. 19.

32Ibid., fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus.

33Ibid., fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius; fr. 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius.

34Ibid., fr. 50,1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives the reign of Ramessesas 1 year 4 months; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc, iii. 19, who gives him 1 year 4 months; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives him 1 year; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives him 68 years; 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives him 68 years.

35Ibid., fr. 50, 1. 96, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, who gives the reign of Harmals as 4 years 1 month; fr. 51, from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc, iii. 19, who gives the reign of Harmais as 4 years 1 month; fr. 52, from Syncellus, according to Africanus, who gives the reign of Armesis as 5 years; fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius, who gives the reign of «Armais, also called Danaus» as 5 years; 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius, which gives the reign of Armais, also called Danaus» as 5 years.

36Ibid., fr. 53 (a), from Syncellus, according to Eusebius.

37Ibid., fr. 53 (b), Armenian version of Eusebius.

38Ibid., fr. 53 (a), Syncellus's additional note to Eusebius's text.

39See Manetho, trans. Waddell, fr. 52, from Africanus.

40For a full resume of these different Graeco-Egyptian and Graeco-Roman Exodus accounts, see Redford, 1986, pp. 282—96.

41See, for instance, Lysimachos, Aegyptiaca, from Josephus, Contra Apionem, trans. Waddell, I, 34.

42Ibid.

43Ibid.

44Ibid., I, 35.

45Cheremon, quoted in ibid., I, 33.

46Ibid.

47Pompeius Trogus, quoted in Assmann, p. 36.

48Bower, Scotichronicon, I, 9.

49 Ibid.

50Ibid., I, 12.

51Ibid., I, 14.

52Ibid., I, 15.

53Ibid., I, 18.

54Ibid.

55For the descendants of Scota colonising the Irish DilRiata, see Lebor Gabala Erenn: The book of the taking of Ireland, Bk. 5, VIII, 384-6. Bk. 5, VIII, 387.

56For Scota going to Scotland see the «Pleading of Baldred Biset», 1301, as referenced in the Intro, to Bower, p. xx.

57For Scota going straight to Ireland see «Instructions», 1301, as referenced in the Intro, to Bower, p. xx.

58For Scota going first to Ireland and then on to Scotland see Chron. Piets-Scots, 106— 16 and SEHI, 609—10, as referenced in the Intro, to Bower, p. xix. Here Scota is the wife of Neius or Niulus, a Greek, the son of a certain Lacedaemonian Aeneas, a prince of the Choriscii.

59See the «Pleading of Baldred Biset», f 301, as referenced in the Intro, to Bower, p. xx.

60Nennius, Historia Brittonum, 15.

61Bower, I, 10.

62See Evans, Kingdom of the Ark.

63Moran, The Amama Letters, EA35, 11–15.

64Aldred, p. 283.

65Ibid.

66Goetze, «The Plague Prayers of Mursilis» in Pritchard (ed.), Ancient Near Eastern Textsre lating to the Old Testament, KUB, xiv, 8; KUB, xxiv, 3, pp. 394—6.

67Ibid. KUB, xiv, 8, p. 394.

68Ibid., KUB, xiv, 8, p. 395.

69Ibid., KUB, xxiv, 3, p. 396.

70Kitchen, Suppiluliuma and the Amama Pharaohs: A Study in Relative Chronology, p. 47.

71Moran, EA11, 5—14.

72Phillips, Act of God, pp. 301—2.

73Ex. 11: 1.

74Ex. 12: 29–30.

75Phillips, pp. 302—3.

76Gardiner, Egypt of the Pharaohs, pp. 244—5.

77Redford, 1986, p. 282.

ЧАСТЬ ЧЕТВЕРТАЯ. ЯХВЕ

ГЛАВА ВОСЕМНАДЦАТАЯ. В ПОИСКАХ ЯХВЕ

1Giveon, «Toponymes quest-Asiatiques a Soleb», in VT 14,1964, pp. 239—55; Giveon, Les Bedouins Shosou des documents Egyptians, 1971, pp. 24—8.

2Giveon, 1964, pp. 244—5; Giveon, 1971, pp. 25—7.

3Giveon, 1964, pp. 244—5; Giveon, 1971, p. 27.

4Redford, Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times, p. 272 n. 70, cf. P. Harris I, 76:9 («Se» ir with the Shasu clans»).

5Ward, «The Shasu «Bedouin»: notes on a recent publication», JESHO 15 (1972), pp. 50-1.

6Ibid.

7Grdseloff, «Edom, d'apres les sources egyptiennes», RHJE 1 (1947), p. 74 n. 1, after Champillion and Sethe.

8P Anastasi IV, 18, quoted in Redford, p. 228.

9Bedford, p. 203.

10Redford, p. 270. See also Moran, The Amama Letters, EA 285: 5–6.

11Barkay, «What's an Egyptian Temple doing in Jerusalem?», BAR 26:3 (May/June 2000), pp. 48–57, 67.

12Redford, p. 271. See also Moran, EA 287.

13Redford, p. 275; Ward, p. 46

14Redford, p. 275.

15Giveon, 1971, pp. 235—6.

16Ward, p. 52, cf. P Anastasi I, 19, 1–4 & 23, 7–8.

17Ibid., p. 53.

18Ibid., p. 54.

19Giveon, The Shasu of the Late XXth Dynasty», JARCE 8 (1969-70), p. 52.

20Giveon, 1971, pp. 48—9-

21Giveon, 1969—70, pp. 51—3.

22Giveon, 1971, p. 28.

23Ibid., p. 28.

24Ibid., p. 236.

25See Grdseloff, pp. 86, 98—9.

26Ibid., pp. 81-2.

27Redford, pp. 272-3.

28Giveon, 1971, pp. 74—7; Grdseloff, pp. 79–83.

29Gen. 32: 38.

30See Greenberg, The Hab/piru, and Na'aman, «Habiru and Hebrews: the transfer of a social term to the literary sphere», JNES 45: 4 (1986), pp. 271—88; Rowton, «Dimorphic structure and the problem of the «Apiru-'Ibrtm», JNE§ 35:1 (1976), pp. 13–20.

31Ех. 3: 1.

32Easton, The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, s.v. «Horeb», p. 336.

33Ex. 3: 14.

34Ex. 3: 15, trans. Propp. Exodus 1—18: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary, p. 6.

35Propp, p. 204.

36Ex. 6: 3.

37Gen. 33: 20.

38Ex. 15: 17.

39Ex. 15: 17, trans. Propp, p. 22.

40Ex. 3: 5.

41Ex. 19: 11, 18, 20, 23.

42Ex. 33: 6.

43Ex. 32: 15.

44 Kings 19: 8.

451 Kings 19: 9.

461 Kings 19: 3.

47Harel, The Sinai Journeys: The Route of the Exodus, p. 181.

48Ibid.

49Ibid.

50Ibid.

51 Ibid.

52Petrie, Researches in Sinai, pp. 251—2.

53Ibid., pp. 252-3.

54Ex. 13: 17.

55Ex. 13: 18.

56Propp, pp. 339, 486—7.

57Ex. 15: 22.

58Lucas, The Route of the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt, pp. 32—3. Ex. 15: 27. Lucas, p. 48. 1 Kings 9: 26. Ex. 16: 1. Ex. 17: 1–6.

59Ex. 15: 27

60Lucas, p. 48.

611 Kings 9: 26.

62Ex. 16: 1

63Ex. 17: 1–6.

64Ех. 19: 1–2.

65Finkelstein and Silberman, The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of its Sacred Texts, p. 13.

66Deut. 33: 2.

67Jud. 5: 3–5.

68Redford, p. 272 n. 70, cf. E Moment, Kemi 5 (1937), pi. Ill («despoiler of the land of the Shasu, plunderer of the mountain of Se» ir»); Ward, pp. 50-1.

69Redford, p. 272 n. 70, cf. P Anastasi vi. 54–56 («clans of the Shasu of Edom»); Giveon, 1971, pp. 235—6.