97 лет, 25 июля 1991 года, за месяц до того, как распалась Коммунистическая партия Советского Союза, в жертву которой он принес столь многих людей. (
Прим. авт.)
Вернуться
652
Applebaum, Red Famine, pp. 229f.
Вернуться
653
Sergei Nefedov and Michael Ellman, «The Soviet Famine of 1931–1934: Genocide, a Result of Poor Harvests, or the Outcome of a Conflict Between the State and the Peasants?» Europe-Asia Studies 71, no. 6 (July 2019), pp. 1048–1065.
Вернуться
654
Иосиф Сталин. Cочинения. Тверь, 2006. Т. 18.
Вернуться
655
Michael Ellman, «The Role of Leadership Perceptions and of Intent in the Soviet Famine of 1931–1934», Europe-Asia Studies 57, no. 6 (September 2005), p. 824. [На русском языке: Иосиф Сталин. Cочинения. Тверь: Информационно-издательский центр «Союз», 2006. Т. 18. С. 49–50.]
Вернуться
656
Benjamin I. Cook, Ron L. Miller, and Richard Seager, «Amplification of the North American ‘Dust Bowl’ Drought Through Human-Induced Land Degradation», PNAS 106, no. 13 (March 31, 2009), pp. 4997–5001.
Вернуться
657
Ben Cook, Ron Miller, and Richard Seager, «Did Dust Storms Make the Dust Bowl Drought Worse?» Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University Earth Institute, http://ocp.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/div/ocp/drought/dust_storms.shtml.
Вернуться
658
Timothy Egan, The Worst Hard Time: The Untold Story of Those Who Survived the Great American Dustbowl (Boston and New York: Mariner/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2006), p. 5.
Вернуться
659
Robert A. McLeman et al., «What We Learned from the Dust Bowl: Lessons in Science, Policy, and Adaption», Population and Environment 35 (2014), pp. 417–440. См. также: D. Worster, Dust Bowl: The Southern Plains in the 1930s (New York: Oxford University Press, 1979).
Вернуться
660
Cook, Miller, and Seager, «Amplification of the North American ‘Dust Bowl’ Drought», p. 4997.
Вернуться
661
Egan, Worst Hard Time, p. 8.
Вернуться
662
«Honoring 85 Years of NRCS – A Brief History», Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA, https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/about/history/?cid=nrcs143_021392.
Вернуться
663
Mike Davis, Late Victorian Holocausts: El Niño Famines and the Making of the Third World (London and New York: Verso, 2001).
Вернуться
664
Tirthankar Roy, The Economic History of India, 1857–1947 (Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000), pp. 22, 219f., 254, 285, 294. Cf. Michelle Burge McAlpin, Subject to Famine: Food Crises and Economic Change in Western India, 1860–1920 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983).
Вернуться
665
Christopher Bayly and Tim Harper, Forgotten Armies: Britain’s Asian Empire and the War with Japan (London: Penguin, 2005).
Вернуться
666
Cormac Ó Gráda, «‘Sufficiency and Sufficiency and Sufficiency’: Revisiting the Great Bengal Famine, 1943-44», in Eating People Is Wrong, and Other Essays on Famine, Its Past, and Its Future (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2015), p. 90.
Вернуться
667
Arthur Herman, Gandhi and Churchill: The Rivalry That Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age (London: Hutchinson, 2008), p. 513.
Вернуться
668
Keneally, Three Famines, p. 93.
Вернуться
669
Herman, Gandhi and Churchill, p. 515.
Вернуться
670
Andrew Roberts, Churchill: Walking with Destiny (London: Allen Lane, 2018), p. 788.
Вернуться
671
Keneally, Three Famines, p. 95.
Вернуться
672
Bayly and Harper, Forgotten Armies, pp. 284–287.
Вернуться
673
Frank Dikötter, Mao’s Great Famine: The History of China’s Most Devastating Catastrophe, 1958–1962 (London: Bloomsbury, 2017), p. 333; Andrew G. Walder, China Under Mao: A Revolution Derailed (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press), p. 173.
Вернуться
674
Dali L. Yang, Calamity and Reform in China: State, Rural Society, and Institutional Change Since the Great Leap Famine (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1996).
Вернуться
675
Xin Meng, Nancy Qian, and Pierre Yared, «The Institutional Causes of China’s Great Famine, 1959-61», NBER Working Paper No. 16361 (September 2010).
Вернуться
676